Highway and Runway reinforcement
Introduction
Geosynthetics are defined as man-made plastic planar products, shaped in many forms, that are used with soil, rock, or other geotechnical-related materials in order to solve different civil engineering problems.
The benefit of using geosynthetics have been seen in road and highway engineering. From this point of view, the geosynthetics may be used to increase the structural or load-carrying capacity of a system by transferring the loads to the geosynthetic material or to decrease the height of the base and surface courses above relatively soft subgrades.
Geosynthetics for base or subbase courses of unpaved or paved roads and highways have been used for separation, filtration, lateral drainage, and reinforcement purposes.
The mechanisms by which geosynthetics provide reinforcement when placed at the subbase and subgrade interface include lateral restraint or confinement of subbase material, and increase in bearing capacity.
This paper presents the main aspects of using geosynthetics for base / subbase courses of road structures.
Application
The four main applications for geosynthetics in roads are subgrade separation and stabilization, base reinforcement, overlay stress absorption, and overlay reinforcement.
Advantages
The advantages of the use of geosynthetics may be divided in two categories: technical advantages and economic advantages.
Among the technical advantages, we may talk about: a quickly installation with flexibility to construct during a short period; the possibility of space savings; allows a better material quality control because the geosynthetics are more homogeneous than soil and aggregates; the safety factor may be increased; better construction quality control at site; protection of the environment; the performance and service life are improved; geosynthetics are compatible with field conditions.
The economic advantages and the importance of geosynthetics are given by the following facts: the natural resources are efficiently used and the pollution is minimized; gives the possibility to increase the efficiency of structures, are durable, long lasting and environmentally safe solutions for the geotechnical engineering projects.
Minimize the regular repair and maintenance costs directly; reduce the costs of the projects (up to 30%). These advantages were also seen for roads and highways constructed with geosynthetic-reinforced subbase, where observations indicate better performance (less rutting associated with increased numbers of load repetitions).
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